Kenya political unity: A facade of convenience

In the labyrinth of Kenyan politics, a recurring pattern emerges: erstwhile adversaries forging alliances under the guise of national unity, only to serve their vested interests.
The cyclical dance raises pressing questions about the repercussions for citizen welfare and governmental accountability.
Kenya’s political landscape is characterized by fluid alliances that often prioritize personal ambitions over ideological commitments. Political analyst Gilbert M. Khadiagala observes, “In 30 years of competitive politics, coalitions were expected to gradually stabilise into coherent political parties with national reach and resonance. Instead, political coalitions in Kenya have not advanced beyond their narrow bases.”
The trend is exemplified by the recent pact between President William Ruto’s United Democratic Alliance  and Raila Odinga’s Orange Democratic Movement.
Announced on  7 March 2025, the agreement aims to collaborate on critical government policies. However, critics argue that such alliances erode the essence of a functional opposition, essential for a vibrant democracy. Political analyst Nanjala Nyabola cautions, “The opposition’s role is to hold the government accountable. Merging with the ruling party blurs this line, compromising checks and balances.”
The Ruto-Odinga pact has not been universally welcomed within the UDA. Some insiders express concerns that this alliance may dilute the party’s agenda and compromise its mandate. A senior UDA official, speaking on condition of anonymity, remarked, “This agreement risks undermining the principles upon which our party was founded. We must remain vigilant to ensure our core values are not compromised.” Such sentiments reflect a broader apprehension about the potential loss of ideological identity within the ruling party.
The convergence of political elites often sidelines the populace’s interests. Macharia Munene notes, “Our politics is about patronage and pork-barrel; undertaking interventions only meant to generate support. Indeed, it is the interests of the political elite that always pull the country back.”
Beyond the ruling party, opposition figures have also voiced their discontent. Wiper leader Kalonzo Musyoka criticized the cooperation agreement, labeling it a betrayal of Kenyans. He asserted, “What has come out of KICC today is the biggest betrayal of Kenyans. The people’s loyal coalition will never trade its principles for temporary comfort.”
Similarly, Busia Senator Okiya Omtatah likened the deal to a “civilian coup” against the Constitution, arguing that the two leaders are seeking to alter Kenya’s governance for personal gain. He stated, “The pact between President Ruto and Mr. Odinga is unlawful and it is like the two leaders have staged a coup against the Constitution of Kenya.”
Such alliances can lead to policy decisions that neglect pressing public concerns. For instance, in 2024, widespread protests erupted against proposed tax hikes amidst soaring living costs. These demonstrations, led predominantly by tech-savvy Gen Z activists, highlighted the growing disconnect between the ruling class and the citizenry.
Governance expert Javas Bigambo warns that such alliances may lead to fragmentation within political support bases. He observes, “In the event Raila Odinga wins the AUC seat, what is apparent from my perspective is a blind contest to inherit Raila’s power and supremacy in Luo Nyanza, ODM, and in the country.”
Political analyst Dr. Duncan Odhiambo adds that these alliances often serve the interests of political elites rather than the citizenry.
“Our politics is about patronage and pork-barrel; undertaking interventions only meant to generate support. Indeed, it is the interests of the political elite that always pull the country back.”
Despite facing violent crackdowns, the youth’s resilience forced the government to withdraw the contentious finance bill. The episode underscores the populace’s frustration with leadership perceived as self-serving.
The frequent realignment of political allegiances suggests a landscape driven more by personal gain than public service. The impeachment of Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua in October 2024 on charges including corruption and incitement of ethnic hatred further exemplifies the deep-seated issues within Kenya’s political framework.
While Gachagua challenged his ousting as politically motivated, his removal reflects the intricate power plays that often overshadow genuine governance.